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| Global Warming |
Do you know why and how this global warming happens and how it affects the lives of ordinary people like us? If you don't know, today's post is just for you. If you take a closer look at various natural disasters, you will see that they (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods, etc.) do a lot of damage to our common people.
The world's temperature is constantly rising, and this is called global warming in English. And this global warming is not happening as a country-centric or a space-centric; This is happening all over the world. And if global temperatures continue to rise in the near future, the world's climate will change in such a way that many species will be wiped out from the face of the earth. And it will be difficult for people to live in developing countries.
What is global warming?
Suppose you live in Alaska, USA. This area is completely covered with snow and the amount of winter is much higher here. And to survive this winter, you set fire to a wood-burning stove. The heat of the fire will protect you from the cold of the environment and give you comfort. But one day you will feel that this temperature is not enough for you and your family.
You gave more wood to increase the fire. The level of fire increased. But suppose you gave so much fire or made the fire bigger that now the temperature of the fire in your house has increased a lot and it has become unbearable. Then you will think that it is wrong to start a fire. And then it will not be possible for you to control this large fire. The issue of global warming is a lot like this.
The people of the world do things that cause global warming to increase little by little every year. But this warming is not noticeable to us, because the amount of warming that is increasing every year is very rare but if it continues to increase in this way, at some point the warming will reach such a level that then there will be no way to reduce the warming. In the 1900s, global warming caused global temperatures to rise by 0.6 degrees Celsius. But by the end of the 21st century, global warming for global warming has risen by 2 to 5 degrees Celsius.
At present, the rate of 2-3 degree Celsius is already expected to increase by about 75% and the rate of 5 degree Celsius is likely to increase by 50%. However, scientists have agreed that if this rate continues, global temperatures will rise by 3 degrees Celsius by the end of this century.
Now you may think that if the temperature rises by 3 or 5 degrees, what else is there? But one thing to note is that in the Ice Age, it took about 5,000 years for this 5 degree temperature to rise. And now we are raising the temperature of the earth to 5 degrees in just 100 years. And once global temperatures rise, it is a very difficult task to reduce and a completely impossible task to reduce completely.
What is the cause of global warming?
The cause of global warming is blamed on a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. A greenhouse (or glasshouse) is something that is very easy to produce because the greenhouse captures its temperature inside the house and is quite hot from the weather around the house. For example, cooking rice in a pressure cooker is faster than cooking rice in a pan. This greenhouse effect can be divided into two parts. Here are some of them:
Natural greenhouse effect
Hope you got the basic idea about the greenhouse effect. The atmosphere of the world continues like this greenhouse. Consider the world's atmosphere as a large greenhouse, then you will understand. The atmosphere of this world holds the temperature in different ways. The rate of natural gas in the world's atmosphere is much higher, including methane and carbon dioxide. These natural gases surround the earth like glass. And when sunlight enters the earth through these gases, the earth's temperature continues to rise.
As the temperature continues to rise, the Earth releases some of its heat energy into space. But many times the warmth released into space cannot penetrate the atmosphere and cause the warmth to return to Earth. This is why the earth rotates at its average rate (33 degrees Celsius). This is called the natural greenhouse effect. And this natural greenhouse effect is a good thing. Because without it the temperature of the earth would be very cold and it would be very difficult for people to live here.
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Artificial greenhouse effect
Although people do not have a direct hand in the natural greenhouse effect, the artificial greenhouse effect is for the people. After the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries, the effect of artificial greenhouses gradually increased. At first, the use of stream engines for burning coal began to be widespread. And since then people have started using more and more energy. For example, after the invention of the car engine in the mid-1900s, petrol was used to run it. And the chemical heat coming out of the car is slowly starting to warm the earth's weather.
In addition, these coils, gas and oil are used to generate electricity in power plants. These fuels are called fossil fuels. These fossil fuels create large amounts of carbon dioxide clouds in the environment called carbon dioxide emissions. And because of which the concentration of carbon dioxide in the earth increases every year and so the temperature emitted from the earth towards the space becomes more and more closed on the earth; As a result, global temperatures continue to rise at a faster rate each year. This is called the artificial greenhouse effect.
Is global warming getting worse day by day?
Yes, of course. Due to the amount of fossil fuels we are constantly burning, the world's largest amount of carbon dioxide is currently deposited in the last 420,000 years. Before the Industrial Revolution, the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere was 280 parts per million. And now it stands at 380 parts per million. The worry now is that in just 150 years, the world's carbon dioxide levels have risen to such an extent that it is now bothering environmentalists.
One study found that the United States alone produces an average of 20 tons of carbon dioxide per person per year. At present 80% of all energy we use comes from these Fossil Fuels. In 2016, the US Energy Information Administration said that between 2015 and 2040, the world's energy consumption will increase by 26%. Because now countries like India and China are getting more developed and the use of fossil fuels is increasing day by day. The point is that the earth's temperature is rising rapidly day by day; Which is worse than the previous century.
Is climate change really happening?
The weather pattern of a particular region is called climate. How much sunlight reaches a particular region, how much rain will fall, how much humidity in the air, etc., all depend on the climate of that region. And you will read in the book that although climate change is rapid, this climate change is a matter of time.
But scientists believe that the higher the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere, the higher the Earth's temperature; Earth's climate will continue to change just as fast.
How can scientists predict the future weather?
Generally speaking, research on what has happened in the past gives an idea of the future. For example, if you know that it has been raining in your area every Friday for the last 5 years, then you can say that it is likely to rain next Friday as well. In this case, you can be right. In this way weather forecasts are made by analyzing past data. But here are a few more complex issues besides past data analysis.
On the other hand, predicting climate or long term issues is a more complex issue. Scientists use computers to help with climate change. And it's no ordinary computer, the world's largest powerful computer called the Supercomputer; Scientists on the supercomputer run a very large and complex program that performs many large mathematical calculations on the past and present weather, giving scientists results about the climate. And in this way, by re-researching the results obtained from the computer by itself, then the scientists make predictions about climate change.
The effects of climate change
As the earth warms, so does the sea. But slowly. And if the water gets hot, it also starts to increase. And because of this heat, the sea level rises day by day. Also, the melting of frozen ice in cold regions is slowly increasing the amount of water, and as the earth warms, the frozen ice will begin to melt faster.
It doesn't matter to you if you live far from the sea. But the regions or countries around the sea (such as Florida or California in the United States, the Maldives in the Indian Ocean) will gradually sink under the sea. However, it is a very slow process. Scientists are now researching that sea water is rising at a rate of 3 centimeters (a little more than 1 inch) every decade. However, by 2100, this rate could increase from 10 centimeters to 1 meter (4 inches to 3 feet).
The effects of climate change on humans
The effects of climate change on humans are certainly there. Humans are also an animal that we often forget. If the climate changes frequently the area you live in will have different weather conditions. Due to which children and old people can be affected by various diseases due to this climate change.
On the other hand, the amount of rain and storms will also increase due to climate change. Excessive rainfall can cause crop failure. Again, heavy rains can cause floods. Scientists have warned in advance that 100 to 200 million people will be homeless due to floods in the next century.
Other natural imbalances will also occur due to climate change. For example, it will be easier to produce food in one place of the world and much more difficult to produce food from land elsewhere. And the poorest people in the world's poorest countries will suffer the most from climate change. As global temperatures rise, areas where temperatures are higher will also increase mosquito infestation, as mosquitoes can breed more in hot weather. Scientists predict that by 2100, two-thirds of the world's population will be at risk for malaria. At present the level is 45%.
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What we need to do to stop global warming
The simplest answer to this question is to reduce the pressure on climate change. We need to reduce global warming, it is never possible to stop global warming altogether. But we should produce as little carbon dioxide emission as possible and that means using natural energy wisely. Scientists in the developed world have long been working on how to do the same thing without the use of natural energy.
We can easily reduce our own personal carbon dioxide production. We can use energy saving lights without using heat generating and high power consuming lamps. We can get into the habit of going by bus, bicycle or walking without using private cars.
Suppose there are 40 more private cars like yours. Now if 40 of you go to your destination by bus every day, then the amount of smoke emitted by a bus will be much less than the smoke of 40 of your personal cars. I hope you understand the matter.
We can take in natural air by opening the windows without using AC unnecessarily, and we can use electric cars instead of oil and gas. In this way, we can reduce global warming as much as possible by looking at our own personal aspects.
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